
~ Jade Doy ~
9070
A2 Media
G324
Advanced
Portfolio
Saturday 3rd October
6. Melanie Martinez - Dollhouse
7. Melanie Martinez - Sippy Cup
8. Lana Del Rey - Born to Die
9. Lana Del Rey - Blue Jeans
'Dollhouse' was Melanie Martinez's debut single. It was released in April 2014. Her single 'Sippy Cup' debuted the end of June in 2014 shortly before her album 'Crybaby'.
In order to gain an perspective of the genre I've decided to explore a sub-genre of acoustic/indie as I feel that it would benefit me. This sub-genre is indie pop and I think it should be considered as our artist could be considered to have elements of pop in her songs.
In order to do this I have picked two indie pop artist and am going to compare four videos, that is two from each artist. I have picked female artists as I feel it would be more relevant to us having a female artist to work with.
'Born to Die' was Lana Del Rey's second studio album, both 'Born to Die' and 'Blue Jeans' are from this album. They were both released as singles from the album.
All four videos I looked at for comparison were primarily narrative based, however ‘Blue Jeans’ ‘Born to Die’ and ‘Dollhouse’ all feature conceptual themes and elements in them. The narrative base with conceptual elements is conventional of music videos of the indie/acoustic rock genre and all tell quite dark and harsh stories with dark themes within the narrative, for example ‘Dollhouse’ is a video about a little girl who has a bad family life but hides it so that others don’t know, ‘Born to Die’ is about the inevitable death of the female character this particular video also displaying religious imagery and ideas and ‘Blue Jeans’ is about a romance between two characters that turns bad. ‘Sippy Cup’ is a sequel video to ‘Dollhouse’ and tells the story of the smaller girl growing up and finding out what happens to her.
Although all the videos are narrative based they all feature a conceptual element, both Born to Die and Sippy Cup have clear representations of heaven in them (Melanie Martinez is dressed as an angel, Lana Del Rey is in a majestic palace like place dressed all in white, where her boyfriend is no longer actually with her) this is because both characters die. The setting of both depictions of heaven are seen through the video its not made clear that the two characters die until the end of the videos where there is a car crash (Born to Die) and murder (Sippy Cup). Religious imagery of life after death (through depictions of heaven) connote that the two artists have some kind of belief in religion or just that there is life after death. This is also shown at the end of 'The A-Team' by the female character being edited smiling in the sky at the end of the video. Life and death is a common theme in music video of this genre seen in all of the videos I have analysed so far.
Both Dollhouse and Blue Jeans also have conceptual elements however they're much more specific to the narrative and themes of those videos. Towards the end of the Dollhouse video the small girl who plays with the Dollhouse is somehow in the Dollhouse dressed in a grey outfit with a relatively dull haircut however the mother, father and brother dolls dress her up in a pink sparkly outfit and put her hair in bunches, curling it so she had ringlets. This represents the process of the little girl seeing that her family is not perfect and being forced to pretend they are so nobody sees what is truly 'behind the curtains' (amplification of lyrics). This gives a clear view of the concept and narrative to the audience and helps them understand and see clearly what's going on (Uses and Gratifications: Surveillance and Personal Relationships).
Blue Jeans creates a very different concept using mostly editing instead of clear visuals, during the video occasionally images of Lana Del Rey or the male character will be blurred and move, this creates a dis-orientating effect and confuses the audience. However this is in relation to the male and presents the idea that the male is dangerous and like a drug to the female character, she has a distorted view of him because she likes him so much. This idea is then reinforced after she gets into the water with him and we're shown pictures of crocodiles in the water with her, suggesting the idea that he's an animal and is again dangerous. This is also shown through editing in which Lana looks at a subject and we're shown cuts of both crocodiles and the male moving similarly as well as later on at 2:55-3:05 where the female is seen hugging and touching the crocodile in-between shots of getting closer to the male in the pool. I think we should have a conceptual element to our music video not only because it is conventional but also because it would be nice to experiment with ways of conveying that conceptual elements using the four technical elements but also using narratives.
Melanie Martinez videos tend to have childish themes and translate real world issues using child-like metaphors. In the ‘Dollhouse’ video she uses a traditional child’s toy (Dollhouse) to highlight how fake her family is and how unhappy she and her family actually are. Sippy Cup is a continuation of Dollhouse and is primarily focused on the alcoholic mother and her issues instead of the little girl; the song gets its name from the cup that the mother drinks ‘syrup’ (alcohol) from because her husband is unfaithful. This highlights the situation of the mother and uses childish imagery to convey much deeper meanings. This presents her (Melanie Martinez) as being intelligent and having a kind of duality about her character, so she knows about awful things but she can translate them in a way that doesn’t sound as awful as they are. This image is carried on throughout all her videos, 'Tag You're it' is about danger of strangers/perverts, 'Mrs Potato Head' is about beauty standads (Richard Dyers Star Theory: Strength of a stars image, seven common values: Youthfulness however at an extremity). The use of child-like language is very unconventional and I don’t think it would work for our chosen artist as it wouldn’t suit her songs or image particularly well.
![]() Dollhouse ScreenshotA childs dollhouse toy used as the main setting. | ![]() Dollhouse ScreenshotThe artist and main character posing like a doll and acting perfect. | ![]() Sippy Cup ScreenshotThe mother character drinking alcohol in a childs sippy cup. |
---|---|---|
![]() Sippy Cup ScreenshotThe female daughter character playing patty cake with a teddy bear dressed in baby pink pyjamas. |
Lana Del Rey however takes a very different approach to her music videos and her representation of herself. ‘Born to Die’ is a narrative based video with some conceptual themes of death and heaven. The music video switches between two scenes, one in which a female character is with her lover and one in which the female is sat alone in a grand looking place dressed all in white. The concept is that the white, grand place is heaven and that the character is dead the whole time and the audience doesn’t realise until the end, she unlike Melanie Martinez doesn’t try to hide the darker meanings and ends her videos with very graphic memorable shots ‘Born to Die’ ending with a picture of her lover holding her bridal style as whilst she’s dead and ‘Blue Jeans’ ending with her lover dragging her underwater by her throat.
She has a much more serious tone presenting herself as knowing of the darker issues and not needing to hide it, this presents her as having a deeper thought process and seeing a darker version of the world than Melanie Martinez has, she presents her ideas in a more sophisticated and less childish way even using some editing techniques to transfer conceptual ideas. Her style also continues through her other videos such as ‘Summertime Sadness’ (Richard Dyers Star Theory: Strength of a stars image, longevity). I think this is a much more conventional style in this genre as a lot of the music videos so far have been around dark themes and negative emotional.
![]() Born to Die ScreenshotThe female character sat in her 'heaven' on a posh throne dressed all in white (innocence). | ![]() Born to Die ScreenshotThe ending shot of the video features us viewing the female character being held in her lovers arms although it is clear she's dead at this point. | ![]() Blue Jeans ScreenshotDramatic close up of Lana Del Rey, darkness hiding some of her face. |
---|---|---|
![]() Blue Jeans ScreenshotThe ending shot of 'Blue Jeans' features the female character being dragged underwater by the throat by her male partner. |
This is a grid of camerawork used in the videos I compared, only the used ones were put into the grid for example establishing shots were not used in any of the videos therefore they have been left out of the grid.
These are the most commonly used shots across the videos I compared. Close ups, long shots, two shots and the use of zoom were the most popular camera shots/movements used across all four videos. Close ups are used by both artist several times in each music video (Dollhouse: 0:39, Sippy Cup: 0:27, Blue Jeans: 0:42, Born to Die: 0:55) both artist use close ups to convey emotions (Andrew Goodwin: 5 Music Video Characteristic: Characteristic 3 Use of Close Ups) primarily using eye contact to make contact with the audience and make them feel closer and more connected to the artist whilst conveying the emotions (primarily pain) that they feel (Uses and Gratifications: Personal Relationships). However Lana Del Rey also used the close ups to shows the audience what she was looking at that was causing her emotions, close ups of her face would often be followed by a shot of the subject of her gaze. Melanie Martinez did not do this in her video as hers was primarily telling a story to the audience she talks to. This shows although the two artists use the same shots they’re not exactly the same shots/effects each time(Neale: Genres are instances of repetition and difference).
Long shots were primarily used to show the environment/other characters and their emotions, for example ‘Born to Die’ featured a long shot as he opening scene when the lyrics start in the video at 0:24 and shows off the posh, sophisticated place she’s in, this shot also displays two tigers sitting either side of her connoting royalty and that she has fine tastes. However Melanie Martinez uses the same type of shot to show how fake her family is at 1:42 when they take a family photo together, this shot also connotes how miserable the little girl and her family life is and this is the only time we see all four family members together in one place/shot. Whereas Lana Del Rey uses the shot to connote royalty and sophistication Melanie Martinez uses them to connote loneliness. I think we will use both close ups and long shots in our music video because they’re very basic shots and are conventional in all types of music video (Andrew Goodwin Characteristic 3: Close Ups).

![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
---|---|---|
![]() |


These are the long shots mentioned in the paragraph above.
Zoom is often used with/to create a close up within the video, often the camera zooms in on the face of the artist, who whilst making eye contact lip syncs their song. This conveys meaning and makes the audience feel closer to the artist (Uses and Gratifications: Personal Identity). All of the videos contain at least one zoom (Dollhouse: Zoom in - 0:37-0:52, Born to Die: Zoom in - 0:00-0:12, Sippy Cup: Zoom out - 0:00-0:14, Blue Jeans: Zoom in - 0:40-0:43) three of these shots with the exception of Blue Jeans are the opening shots that show the artist in the video for the first time. This introduces the artist and draws in the audience. The slow camera movement presents a kind of gentle and calm atmosphere contrasting the full videos and the messages they convey (Lana Del Reys videos both feature narratives of dangerous men and Melanie Martinez's narrative are about a destructive, unhappy family). I think the use of a zoom in our music video is probable action since they're very common in this music genre and can be used to convey several different meanings and interpretations depending on how they're used. I think that this would be a useful shot to use as well as conventional in terms of our coursework.
Two shots were used in all of the videos, this is conventional in terms of musical genre since indie/acoustic videos almost always have two shots in them many of the videos I've already looked at (The A-Team, Red, Through the Ghost) included two shots and used them in the same way Melanie Martinez and Lana Del Rey do. Melanie Martinez used them to convey the mother/daughter relationship and to foreshadow events (this is primarily done in Sippy Cup at 2:25 to show that the artist’s character is in danger and present the idea something bad is going to happen to her). Lana Del Rey uses them to show the relationship between her character and her male counterpart connoting a romantic/sexual relationship between the two characters (seen at 2:41 in Blue Jeans and 0:03/0:51 in Born to Die) she uses them primarily to connote heavy sexual themes in an attempt to show strength and passion between the two characters. Two shots could be a thing we could use since they're relatively conventional however it's also popular for videos to focus on just one character (Iris, You're Beautiful, The A-Team) so we would have to decide that after we have chosen our song and started to plan properly using all our research from this stage of the coursework.



There was a range of other less used camerawork across the four videos, panning was used in all videos except Sippy Cup, (Dollhouse: Panning left 0:10-0:14, Born to Die: Panning down 0:14-0:24, Blue Jeans: Panning left 0:44-0:47). In Dollhouse and Born to Die the camera movement is used to establish environment and put focus on one item (Dollhouse: The Dollhouse, Born to Die: The majesty of the room and Lana when we see her). In Blue Jeans however the pan is across Lana's body clad in a swimsuit, appealing to a more sexually driven audience (males) (Andrew Goodwin: Music Video Characteristic 4: Reference to the notional of looking, voyeuristic treatment of the human body). This effect is also used through extreme close ups later on in the video, the camera closes up on her lips and there's a suggestive shot of the male putting two fingers into her mouth. This connotes sexual themes and is unconventional in terms of music videos of this genre, usually being primarily implicit and not very graphic sexually.
All the videos begin relatively slow paced, with panning and zooms, quite slow camera movements to establish characters (Sippy Cup, Blue Jeans) and show off detail of setting (Born to Die, Dollhouse). However there's a turning event (Todorov - Disequilibrium/Complication) in the music video narrative (Sippy Cup - Murder, Dollhouse - Little girl joins dollhouse, Blue Jeans - The male is leaving, Born to Die - Car crash) and the videos become much more fast paced. This slowly draws in the audience and intrigues them before developing a much quicker pace and introducing much darker events and themes that the genre is known for portraying. I think in terms of narrative this is a good basis for a music video however I'd like to experiment with the editing techniques and pace a little bit more to separate our music video from others (Neale: Repetition and Difference).